EFAR - Escola de Farmácia

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O curso de Farmácia em Ouro Preto foi criado em 1839, sendo a mais antiga Escola de Farmácia da América Latina.

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Browsing EFAR - Escola de Farmácia by Author "Abreu, Raquel Trópia de"

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    Clinical forms of canine visceral Leishmaniasis in naturally Leishmania infantum – infected dogs and related myelogram and hemogram changes.
    (2013) Nicolato, Roney Luiz de Carvalho; Abreu, Raquel Trópia de; Roatt, Bruno Mendes; Soares, Rodrigo Dian de Oliveira Aguiar; Reis, Levi Eduardo Soares; Carvalho, Maria das Graças; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro; Bouillet, Leoneide Érica Maduro; Lemos, Denise da Silveira; Vital, Wendel Coura; Reis, Alexandre Barbosa
    Hematological analysis has limited applications for disease diagnosis in Leishmania infantum–infected dogs, but it can be very important in evaluating the clinical forms of the disease and in understanding the evolution of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) pathogenesis. Recently, we demonstrated that alterations in leucopoiesis and erythropoiesis are related to clinical status and bone marrow parasite density in dogs naturally infected by L. infantum. To further characterize these alterations, we evaluated the association between the hematological parameters in bone marrow and peripheral blood alterations in groups of L. infantum–infected dogs: asymptomatic I (AD-I: serum negative/PCR+), asymptomatic II (AD-II: serum positive), oligosymptomatic (OD), and symptomatic (SD). Results were compared with those from noninfected dogs (NID). The SD group was found to present a decrease in erythropoietic lineage with concomitant reductions in erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit parameters, resulting in anemia. The SD group also had increased neutrophils and precursors and decreased band eosinophils and eosinophils, leading to peripheral blood leucopenia. In the AD-II group, lymphocytosis occurred in both the peripheral blood and the bone marrow compartments. The SD group exhibited lymphocytosis in the bone marrow, with lymphopenia in the peripheral blood. In contrast, the AD-I group, showed no significant changes suggestive of CVL, presenting normal counts in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Our results showed for the first time that important changes in hematopoiesis and hematological parameters occur during ongoing CVL in naturally infected dogs, mainly in symptomatic disease. Taken together, our results based on myelogram and hemogram parameters enable better understanding of the pathogenesis of the anemia, lymphocytosis, and lymphopenia, as well as the leucopenia (eosinopenia and monocytopenia), that contribute to CVL prognosis.
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    Influence of clinical status and parasite load on Erythropoiesis and Leucopoiesis in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi.
    (2011) Abreu, Raquel Trópia de; Carvalho, Maria das Graças; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro; Carvalho, Andréa Teixeira de; Martins Filho, Olindo Assis; Vital, Wendel Coura; Oliveira, Rodrigo Corrêa de; Reis, Alexandre Barbosa
    Background: The bone marrow is considered to be an important storage of parasites in Leishmania -infected dogs, although little is known about cellular genesis in this organ during canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Methodology/Principal Findings:The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in erythropoiesis and leucopoiesis in bone marrow aspirates from dogs naturally infected with Leishmania chagasi and presenting different clinical statuses and bone marrow parasite densities. The evolution of CVL from asymptomatic to symptomatic status was accompanied by increasing parasite density in the bone marrow. The impact of bone marrow parasite density on cellularity was similar in dogs at different clinical stages, with animals in the high parasite density group. Erythroid and eosinophilic hypoplasia, proliferation of neutrophilic precursor cells and significant increases in lymphocytes and plasma cell numbers were the major alterations observed. Differential bone marrow cell counts revealed increases in the myeloid:erythroid ratio associated to increased numbers of granulopoietic cells in the different clinical groups compared with non-infected dogs. Conclusions: Analysis of the data obtained indicated that the assessment of bone marrow constitutes an additional and useful tool by which to elaborate a prognosis for CVL.
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    A killed Leishmania vaccine with sand fly saliva extract and saponin adjuvant displays immunogenicity in dogs.
    (2008) Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro; Oliveira, Rodrigo Corrêa de; Martins Filho, Olindo Assis; Carvalho, Andréa Teixeira de; Roatt, Bruno Mendes; Soares, Rodrigo Dian de Oliveira Aguiar; Vital, Wendel Coura; Abreu, Raquel Trópia de; Malaquias, Luiz Cosme Cotta; Gontijo, Nelder de Figueiredo; Brodskyn, Cláudia; Oliveira, Camila Indiani de; Costa, Dirceu Joaquim; Lana, Marta de; Reis, Alexandre Barbosa
    A vaccine against canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), comprising Leishmania braziliensispromastigote protein, sand fly gland extract (SGE) and saponin adjuvant, was eval-uated in dog model, in order to analyse the immunogenicity of the candidate vaccine. The vaccine candidate elicited strong antigenicity in dogs in respect of specific SGE andLeishmania humoral immune response. The major saliva proteins recognized by serum from immunized dogs exhibited molecular weights of 35 and 45 kDa, and were related to the resistance pattern against Leishmaniainfection. Immunophenotypic analysis revealed increased circulating CD21 + B-cells and CD5 + T-cells, reflected by higher counts of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. The observed interac-tion between potential antigen-presenting cells (evaluated as CD14 + monocytes) and lymphocyte activation status indicated a relationship between innate and adaptive immune responses. The higher frequency in L. chagasi antigen-specific CD8 + T-lymphocytes, and their positive association with intense cell proliferation, in addition to the progressively higher production of serum nitric oxide levels, showed a profile compatible with anti-CVL vaccine potential. Further studies on immunological response after challenge with L. chagasi may provide important information that will lead to a better understanding on vaccine trial and efficacy.