Browsing by Author "Araujo, Carolina Morais"

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    Effects of physical exercise combined with captopril or losartan on left ventricular hypertrophy of hypertensive rats.
    (2021) Castro, Quênia Janaína Tomaz de; Araujo, Carolina Morais; Wataia, Patrícia Yoshie; Silva, Samara Stéfani de Castro e; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Oliveira, Lenice Kappes Becker; Locatelli, Jamille; Guimarães, Homero Nogueira; Guimarães, Andrea Grabe
    Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an endpoint of hypertensive cardiac alterations. Renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers are among the most effective on LVH regression. Physical exercise combined to antihypertensive drug contributes to arterial pressure (AP) control and LVH prevention. We evaluated the effects of physical exercise combined to captopril or losartan during eight weeks for spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) on some cardiac parameters. Methods: SHR (n=5-6 per group) were sedentary or trained 5 days a week in treadmill during 8 weeks; and they were treated with daily oral captopril (12.5, 25, or 50mg/kg), losartan (2.5, 5, or 10mg/kg), or vehicle. At the end, it was obtained systolic AP (SAP), electrocardiogram (ECG), and hearts metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity and histology. Results: Captopril 25 and 50 mg/kg, and losartan 10 mg/kg lowered SAP of sedentary and trained SHR. Losartan 5 mg/kg combined with physical exercise also lowered SAP. Combined with exercise, captopril 50 mg/kg lowered 13.6% of QT interval, 14.2% of QTc interval, and 22.8% of Tpeak-Tend compared to sedentary SHR. Losartan 5 and 10mg/kg lowered QT interval of sedentary and trained SHR. Losartan 2.5, 5 and 10mg/kg combined with physical exercise lowered respectively 25.4%, 24.8%, and 31.8% of MMP-2 activity. Losartan (10mg/kg) combined with exercise reduced cardiomyocyte diameter. Conclusion: These data support the hypothesis of physical exercise combined with RAAS blockers could improve the benefits on hypertensive LVH treatment.
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    EPA/DHA and linseed oil have different effects on liver and adipose tissue in rats fed with a high-fat diet.
    (2022) Dias, Bruna Vidal; Gomes, Sttefany Viana; Castro, Maria Laura da Cruz; Carvalho, Luana Cristina Faria; Breguez, Gustavo Silveira; Souza, Débora Maria Soares de; Ramos, Camila de Oliveira; Sant’Ana, Marcella Ramos; Nakandakari, Susana Castelo Branco Ramos; Araujo, Carolina Morais; Guimaraes, Andrea Grabe; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Carneiro, Cláudia Martins; Cintra, Dennys Esper Corrêa; Costa, Daniela Caldeira
    The incidence of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders has increased worldwide. Clinical and exper- imental research has shown that the consumption of ω-3 FAs can be beneficial to metabolism in several ways, as they can act on metabolic pathways. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of treatment with linseed oil, a vegetable oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid, and EPA and DHA in different proportions (3:1 EPA:DHA, and 1:3 EPA: DHA), on the metabolic disorders induced by a high-fat diet (20 % lipids) in rats for 2 weeks, after 18 weeks of consumption of a high-fat diet. In 18 weeks, the high-fat diet increased blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride concentration in the liver and adipose tissue, and impaired insulin sensibility without interfering in the weight of the animals. All treatments were effective in reducing the deposition of hepatic type III collagen, the proportion of ω-6/ω-3 in the liver and WAT (white adipose tissue), the proportion of area/number of adi- pocytes, and the gene expression of the ACC, FAS, and CPT1 enzymes. In addition, treatment with EPA and DHA reduced blood glucose, serum TNF-α concentration, amount of liver fat, degree of microsteatosis and type I collagen deposition in the liver, deposition of type I and III collagen in TA, gene expression of the transcription factor SREBP-1c, and increased hepatic binucleation. EPA in major proportion was more effective in reducing the area of adipocytes, hepatic triglyceride concentration, PPAR-α expression, and WAT fat weight. DHA in a major proportion reduced the concentration of MCP1 in WAT. LO treatment did not have any isolated effects. We concluded that EPA and DHA were more effective in treating metabolic damage than treatment with LO, leading to a more favorable metabolic profile.