Browsing by Author "Campos, Suellen Fabiane"

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    Challenges for obesity management in a unified health system : the view of health professionals.
    (2020) Lopes, Mariana Souza; Freitas, Patrícia Pinheiro de; Carvalho, Maria Cecília Ramos de; Ferreira, Nathália Luíza; Campos, Suellen Fabiane; Menezes, Mariana Carvalho de; Lopes, Aline Cristine Souza
    Background: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent chronic condition. Its multiple causes and the complexity of its treatment pose challenges for health professionals. Objective: To explore and describe the challenges for obesity management in the Brazilian Unified Health System according to health professionals. Methods: An exploratory quantitative web-based study, carried out in 2018 with health professionals, developed from the first stage of a national project that aims to examine the management of obesity in Brazil. The questionnaire was self-applied. Invitations to participate in the research were sent by the Ministry of Health, Health Department of Minas Gerais and members of the research group. We collected data on sex, age, professional category, region and level of care. The challenges were investigated using a Likert scale and categorized into structure and work process. Results: We evaluated 1323 professionals, of which about 45% were dietitians, 90.2% were women, and 83.1% self-reported working in primary health care. The main barriers cited included a high demand for curative and individual assistance, the presence of comorbidities, and the absence or insufficient access to instructional materials, professional qualification and lack of support. Conclusion: Obesity management is a critical challenge for all professionals. Barriers were related to the work process and structural aspects and reinforce the need to empower health teams. We propose that permanent education activities should be established, as well as the development of instructional materials that are applicable to routine work. Finally, the results may be used to develop policies and strategies to improve obesity management.
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    Healthy lifestyle by race/skin color and educational level in Brazil.
    (2021) Lopes, Mariana Souza; Freitas, Patrícia Pinheiro de; Silva, Caroline Otoni da; Mendonça, Raquel de Deus; Campos, Suellen Fabiane; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Lopes, Aline Cristine Souza
    This study aimed to describe the prevalence of healthy lifestyles and examine its association to the combined effects of race and educational level in Brazil. Cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the 2013 NationalHealth Survey. Race was categorized as white, brown, or black, and educational level as low, medium, or high. To assess the combined effects of race and educational level, a combined variable was created. Healthy lifestyle factors were: non current smoker;non risk use of alcohol; daily consumption of fruit, and vegetables and being active. Lifestyle status was categorized as less healthy or healthier. Of the 59,249 participants, 18.4% of the whites and 6.8% of blacks reported higher education, respectively. Healthy lifestyle status differed by race and educational level. The prevalence of 3 or more parameters were higher than 80% among individuals with high educational levels, regardless of race. The association of healthy lifestyle status with the combined effects of both race and educational levels remained significant after adjustments, except in blacks and browns with high educational levels. Education may be one of an important structural determinant of health status in Brazil, especially among blacksand browns. Investments in education can be helpfull to reduce racial inequalities.
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    A systematic review of effects, potentialities, and limitations of nutritional interventions aimed at managing obesity in primary and secondary health care.
    (2020) Menezes, Mariana Carvalho de; Duarte, Camila Kümmel; Costa, Danielle V. de P.; Lopes, Mariana Souza; Freitas, Patrícia Pinheiro de; Campos, Suellen Fabiane; Lopes, Aline Cristine Souza
    Objectives: Obesity has been identified as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. However, dietary treatment of obesity is far from being a closed issue. Therefore, it is critical to identify the most appropriate obesity management approaches. The aim of this review was to summarize the effects, potentialities, and limitations of nutritional interventions aimed at managing obesity in primary and secondary health care settings, highlighting the most effective strategies and theories. Methods: This systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluated nutritional interventions aimed at achieving weight loss in primary and secondary health care patients. All screening and extraction processes were conducted according to PRISMA. Results: From an initial 7816 studies that were identified, 28 met the criteria and were included in the review. Most studies were conducted in a developed country in primary care, with a higher proportion of women. Most of the nutrition interventions maintained continuous contacts during follow-up, and telephone calls were the most commonly used technology. A physical activity component was included in most studies, and the most common dietary approaches used were energy restrictions, changes in macronutrient distribution, and diet self-monitoring. Regarding theories, interventions mainly incorporated Social Cognitive Theory and Motivational Interviewing. Most trials presented significant and moderate weight loss (~5%), in which the key contributors were behavioral theories, the dietary approach of calorie restriction, and interventions delivered by dietitians and psychologists. Conclusions: Most trials presented better weight loss results with the association of calorie restrictions and theory-based interventions delivered by dietitians or psychologists. We identified the need to develop inter- ventions in other contexts, such as low- and middle-income countries; further trials comparing a theory- versus not-theorydriven intervention; group-based versus individually based intervention; and interven- tion using or not using technology.