Browsing by Author "Diniz, Mirla Fiuza"

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    Analysis of liver fragment subjected to autologous transplant at rat’s retroperitoneum.
    (2015) Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Siqueira, Sávio Lana; Baumfeld, Tiago Soares; Pereira, Luis Felipe Cintra; Moreira, Filipe Garcia; Ribeiro, Gustavo Meirelles; Souza, Iure Kalinine Ferraz de
    Background: To investigate the regeneration process of autologous implants of liver on the retroperitoneum. Methods: Thirty male Fisher rats were used divided in to group 1 (G1): studied 60 d after surgery; group 2 (G2): studied 90 d after surgery; group 3 (G3): studied 180 d after surgery; and group C (GC): animals without surgery. Hepatic fragment was processed for histologic and biochemical analysis. Results: There was inflammatory infiltrate, diffuse hydropic degeneration, necrosis, and moderate fibrosis that reduced in direct relation to the postsurgical time. The concentration of albuminwas differentbetweenGCandG1 and betweenG1 andG3 (P¼0.0007).The Catalase (CAT) was related to the time of surgery with GC being different when compared with G1, G2, and G3 (P < 0.0001). The oxidative stress measured through the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances lipid peroxidation was different between the GC and the G2 groups (P ¼ 0.0381). Conclusions: The analysis made showed hepatic regeneration in the fragment subjected to autologous transplant at the retroperitoneum
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    Biodegradable seeds of holmium don´t change neurological function after implant in brain of rats.
    (2017) Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Ferreira, Diogo Milioli; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Pedrosa, Maria Lúcia; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Araujo, Stanley de Almeida; Sampaio, Kinulpe Honorato; Campos, Tarcísio Passos Ribeiro de; Siqueira, Sávio Lana
    Aim: To evaluate the surgical procedure and parenchymal abnormalities related to implan-tation of ceramic seeds with holmium-165 in rats’ brain.Background: An effective method of cancer treatment is brachytherapy in which radioactiveseeds are implanted in the tumor, generating a high local dose of ionizing radiation thatcan eliminate tumor cells while protecting the surrounding healthy tissue. BiodegradableHo166-ceramic-seeds have been addressed recently.Methods and materials: The experiments in this study were approved by the Ethics Com-mittee on Animal Use at the Federal University of Ouro Preto, protocol number 2012/034.Twenty-one adult Fischer rats were divided into Naive Group, Sham Group and Group forseed implants (ISH). Surgical procedures for implantation of biodegradable seeds were doneand 30 days after the implant radiographic examination and biopsy of the brain were per-formed. Neurological assays were also accomplished to exclude any injury resulting fromeither surgery or implantation of the seeds.Results: Radiographic examination confirmed the location of the seeds in the brain. Neuro-logical assays showed animals with regular spontaneous activity. The histological analysisshowed an increase of inflammatory cells in the brain of the ISH group. Electron microscopyevidenced cytoplasmic organelles to be unchanged. Biochemical analyzes indicate there was neither oxidative stress nor oxidative damage in the ISH brain. CAT activity showed no difference between the groups as well as lipid peroxidation measured by TBARS. Conclusions: The analysis of the data pointed out that the performed procedure is safe as no animal showed alterations of the neurological parameters and the seeds did not promote histological architectural changes in the brain tissue.
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    Cigarette smoke causes changes in liver and spleen of mice newborn exposed during pregnancy.
    (2013) Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Dourado, Vitor Alves; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Pedrosa, Maria Lúcia; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de
    Cigarette smoking can lead to pivotal morphological changes in several human and animal tissues, especially when the exposure occurs during neonatal life. We evaluated the livers and spleens of C57BL/6 neonatal mice to determine possible morphological changes induced by exposure to cigarette smoke. In total, 15 C57BL/6 adult mice were used for mating, placing 2 female mice per male mouse for a 5-day period. Pregnant female mice were divided into 2 groups: the first group (ICS21) consisted of 5 female mice that were exposed to 4 cigarettes, 3 times daily for 21 days. They were subjected to 6 min of exposure per cigarette in an inhalation chamber. The second group (CG) consisted of 5 female mice that were not exposed to cigarette smoking and was used as a control group. Seven neonatal mice from both groups were weighed 24 h post-birth and then euthanized. Their livers and spleens were weighed and fixed for routine histological processing. Morphometric analysis was used to assess possible hepatic inflammation, measure hepatic glycogen and collagen deposition areas. Total spleen area, white pulp, and red pulp were identified. A reduction in body weight was observed in ICS21 mice as compared to CG mice, and a similar trend was observed in the liver and spleen weights. Histological analysis indicated the presence of more number of inflammatory cells in the ICS21 livers than that in the CG livers. Moreover, smaller hepatic glycogen deposition areas were observed in ICS21 mice than that in CG mice. However, no difference in hepatic collagen deposition was observed between the 2 groups. No differences were observed in the areas of the total organ and the white and red pulp areas between the 2 groups. However, the proportion of the white pulp and total area was lower in the ICS21 spleens than that in the CG spleens. Our results indicate that exposure to cigarette smoke during neonatal life can induce changes in fetal tissues, which translate to several changes in the organs of the neonatal mice.
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    Effects of vaccination against the H1N1 virus on BDNF and TNF-α plasma levels in pregnant women.
    (2018) Dias, Fernando Machado Vilhena; Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Franco, Glaura da Conceição; Miranda, Aline Silva de; Teixeira, Antônio Lúcio; Nunes, Poliana Toledo; Ribeiro, Angela Maria
    Background: Vaccination is a widespread strategy to protect women and their children during fetal development. However, there is a lack of knowledge about potential effects of H1N1 vaccination on concentration of cytokines that are important to mother’s central nervous system functions and fetal neurodevelopment. Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate such interaction. The specific goals were to study the effects of vaccination against the H1N1 virus on plasma levels of the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor(BDNF), Tumor Necrosis Factor- (TNF-) and TNF- Receptors 1 and 2 (sTNFR1; sTNFR2), in different periods of gestation. Methods: Data were obtained during the period of 6 months in 2010, from a sample of 94 pregnant women who were using the health care service of Conceição do Mato Dentro, a rural area in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Seventeen women were in the first trimester of pregnancy, forty were in the second trimester and 37 were in the third trimester. Each of these groups was divided into two subgroups as follows: immunized against the H1N1 virus (I) and non-immunized (NI). Plasma concentrations of BDNF, TNF-, sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were measured using the sandwich ELISA. Results: There was no difference in cytokine or neurotrophic factor levels evaluated between groups I and NI in any trimesters. Conclusion: These results show that the recommendation of vaccination against the H1N1 virus for all pregnant women as a public health measure could be considered safe, regarding aspects related to the role played
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    Exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy causes redox imbalance and histological damage in lung tissue of neonatal mice.
    (2014) Campos, Keila Karine Duarte; Dourado, Vitor Alves; Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de
    Smoking during pregnancy is directly associated with numerous serious conditions, such as premature birth, low birth weight, and perinatal mortality. We quantitatively evaluated histological inflammatory alterations, oxidative damage by lipid peroxidation, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the lungs of mice exposed to cigarette smoke during pregnancy. Eight female and four male mice were mated for five days. Pregnant female mice were randomly allocated to the control group or to the cigarette smoke group (n = 8) in which they were exposed to 12 cigarettes per day in an exposure chamber, three times a day for 21 days. The control group (CG; n = 8) was kept in the exposure chamber for the same duration, but without exposure to cigarette smoke. Six newborn mice from both groups were weighed 24 hours after birth and then euthanized. Lung tissue was collected and subjected to histomorphometric and biochemical analyses. The cigarette smoke group showed a significant reduction in snout-vent length compared to the control group. Histomorphometric analysis indicated increased alveolar septal thickness and a larger alveolar lumen in mice exposed to cigarette smoke than in mice in the control group. We observed increased alveolar inflammatory infiltrate, decreased SOD activity, and significantly higher oxidative damage in the cigarette smoke group. Our data indicate that cigarette smoke exposure during pregnancy decreases body length at birth, changes lung tissue, and causes redox imbalance and histological damage in newborn mice.
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    High dietary salt decreases antioxidant defenses in the liver of fructose-fed insulin-resistant rats.
    (2013) Dornas, Waleska Claudia Amaral; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Santos, Rinaldo Cardoso dos; Guerra, Joyce Ferreira da Costa; Souza, Melina Oliveira de; Silva, Maísa; Silva, Lorena Souza e; Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio
    In this study we investigated the hypothesis that a high-salt diet to hyperinsulinemic rats might impair antioxidant defense owing to its involvement in the activation of sodium reabsorption to lead to higher oxidative stress. Rats were fed a standard (CON), a high-salt (HS), or a high-fructose (HF) diet for 10 weeks after which, 50% of the animals belonging to the HF group were switched to a regimen of high-fructose and high-salt diet (HFS) for 10 more weeks, while the other groups were fed with their respective diets. Animals were then euthanized and their blood and liver were examined. Fasting plasma glucose was found to be significantly higher (approximately 50%) in fructose-fed rats than in the control and HS rats, whereas fat liver also differed in these animals, producing steatosis. Feeding fructose-fed rats with the high-salt diet triggered hyperinsulinemia and lowered insulin sensitivity, which led to increased levels of serum sodium compared to the HS group. This resulted in membrane perturbation, which in the presence of steatosis potentially enhanced hepatic lipid peroxidation, thereby decreasing the level of antioxidant defenses, as shown by GSH/GSSG ratio (HFS rats, 7.098±2.1 versus CON rats, 13.2±6.1) and superoxide dismutase (HFS rats, 2.1±0.05 versus CON rats, 2.3±0.1%), and catalase (HFS rats, 526.6±88.6 versus CON rats, 745.8±228.7 U/mg ptn) activities. Our results indicate that consumption of a salt-rich diet by insulin-resistant rats may lead to regulation of sodium reabsorption, worsening hepatic lipid peroxidation associated with impaired antioxidant defenses.
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    Oxidative effects on lung inflammatory response in rats exposed to different concentrations of formaldehyde.
    (2015) Murta, Giselle Luciane; Campos, Keila Karine Duarte; Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Costa, Daniela Caldeira; Silva, André Talvani Pedrosa da; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Bezerra, Frank Silva
    The formaldehyde (FA) is a crosslinking agent that reacts with cellular macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids and molecules with low molecular weight such as amino acids, and it has been linked to inflammatory processes and oxidative stress. This study aimed to analyze the oxidative effects on pulmonary inflammatory response in Fischer rats exposed to different concentrations of FA. Twenty-eight Fischer rats were divided into 4 groups (N ¼ 7). The control group (CG) was exposed to ambient air and three groups were exposed to different concentrations of FA: 1% (FA1%), 5% (FA5%) and 10% (FA10%). In the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF), the exposure to a concentration of 10% promoted the increase of inflammatory cells compared to CG. There was also an increase of macrophages and lymphocytes in FA10% and lymphocytes in FA5% compared to CG. The activity of NADPH oxidase in the blood had been higher in FA5% and FA10% compared to CG. The activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) had an increase in FA5% and the activity of the catalase enzyme (CAT) showed an increase in FA1% compared to CG. As for the glutathione system, there was an increase in total glutathione (tGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in FA5% compared to CG. The reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) had a decrease in FA5% compared to CG. There was an increase in lipid peroxidation compared to all groups and the protein carbonyl formation in FA10% compared to CG. We also observed an increase in CCL2 and CCL5 chemokines in the treatment groups compared to CG and in serum there was an increase in CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5 compared to CG. Our results point out to the potential of formaldehyde in promoting airway injury by increasing the inflammatory process as well as by the redox imbalance.
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    Protótipo de ventilação mecânica espontânea e artificial.
    (2012) Nagato, Akinori Cardozo; Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Bandeira, Ana Carla Balthar; Bezerra, Frank Silva
    A ventilação mecânica é utilizada como alternativa quando pacientes se encontram em quadros de insuficiência respiratória aguda ou crônica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo apresentar um protótipo que contribuirá para o ensino da ventilação mecânica espontânea e artificial nos cursos das áreas de saúde e biotecnológica. Materiais e Métodos: a pesquisa foi realizada no Laboratório de Biomorfologia e Patologia Experimental da Universidade Severino Sombra - RJ. Na construção do protótipo foram utilizados seringas de polipropileno transparente de 50 e 60 ml, um recipiente de politereftalato de etila (PET de 250 ml), uma agulha, uma rolha de cortiça, um balão de látex, um equipo de duplo lúmen, silicone para vedação; um compressor, um manômetro analógico, equipo do soro, uma válvula exalatória de ar e mangueiras de borracha. Resultados: o protótipo de ventilação mecânica pulmonar e artificial mostrou uma representação da analogia do mecanismo à função diafragmática e à do funcionamento do ventilador mecânico, que é um equipamento utilizado para proporcionar a ventilação pulmonar artificial, facilitando a visualização e o consequente entendimento da funcionalidade fisiológica do sistema respiratório. Conclusão: a utilização de material reciclável como estratégia alternativa de ensino mostrou-se ser uma forma de recurso viável, de fácil acesso, baixo custo e grande aplicabilidade face à natureza e característica de material disponível.
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    Salt overload in fructose-fed insulin-resistant rats decreases paraoxonase-1 activity.
    (2012) Dornas, Waleska Claudia Amaral; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Santos, Rinaldo Cardoso dos; Souza, Melina Oliveira de; Silva, Maísa; Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio
    Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a HDL-associated esterase/lactonase and its activity is inversely related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a high-salt diet on serum PON1 activity in fructose-fed insulin-resistant rats. Adult male Fischer rats were initially divided into two groups. Control (CON), which received a normal salt diet and drinking water throughout the study; high fructose (HF), which received a normal salt diet and 20% fructose supplemented drinking water. After 10 weeks, half of the animals from HF group were randomly switched to a high-salt diet and 20% fructose supplemented drinking water (HFS) for more 10 weeks. Serum PON1 activity was determined by synthetic substrate phenyl acetate. HFS rats showed markedly decreased PON1 activity (HFS rats, 44.3 ± 14.4 g/dL versus CON rats, 64.4 ± 13.3 g/dL, P<0.05) as compared to controls. In parallel, the level of oxidative stress, as indicated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), was increased in HFS rats by 1.2-fold in the liver in relation to controls and was negatively correlated with PON activity. Differential leukocyte counts in blood showed a significant change in lymphocytes and monocytes profile. In conclusion, these results show that PON1 activity is decreased in fructose-fed insulin-resistant rats on a high-salt diet, which may be associated with increased oxidative stress, leading to inflammation.
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    Vildagliptin ameliorates oxidative stress and pancreatic beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetic rats.
    (2013) Ávila, Danielle de Lima; Araújo, Glaucy Rodrigues de; Silva, Maísa; Miranda, Pedro Henrique de Amorim; Diniz, Mirla Fiuza; Pedrosa, Maria Lúcia; Silva, Marcelo Eustáquio; Lima, Wanderson Geraldo de; Costa, Daniela Caldeira
    Background and Aims. It is believed that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Several strategies have been developed with the objective of minimizing diabetic complications. Among these, inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), which act by blocking degradation of incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide hormone (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), have been the focus of many studies. It is known that, among the effects of incretins, we highlight its insulinotropic and cytoprotective effects on pancreatic b-cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of treatment with vildagliptin, a DPP-IV inhibitor, in b-cells in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods. Rats were treated for 4 weeks with vildagliptin at concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/kg. In order to observe the pancreatic damage and the possible protective effects of vildagliptin treatment, we measured stress markers TBARS and protein carbonyl, antioxidant enzymes SOD and catalase, and analyzed pancreatic histology. Results. The treatment was effective in modulating stress in pancreatic tissue, both by reducing levels of stress markers as well as by increasing activity of SOD and catalase. After analyzing the pancreatic histology, we found that vildagliptin was also able to preserve islets and pancreatic b-cells, especially at the concentration of 5 mg/kg. Conclusion. Thus, our results suggest that vildagliptin ameliorates oxidative stress and pancreatic beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetic rats. However, to evaluate the real potential of this medication in type 1 diabetes, further studies are needed.