Browsing by Author "Fernandes, Caio Pinho"
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Item Efficacy of nanoemulsion with Pterodon emarginatus Vogel oleoresin for topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.(2021) Kawakami, Monique Yoko Martins; Zamora, Lisset Ortiz; Araújo, Raquel Silva; Fernandes, Caio Pinho; Ricotta, Tiago Queiroga Nery; Oliveira, Leandro G. de; Queiroz Júnior, Celso Martins; Fernandes, Ana Paula; Conceição, Edemilson Cardoso da; Ferreira, Lucas Antônio Miranda; Barros, Andre Luis Branco de; Aguiar, Marta Marques Gontijo de; Oliveira, Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria MotaCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical skin disease caused by the protozoan genus Leishmania. The treatment is restricted to a handful number of drugs that exhibit toxic effects, limited efficacy, and drug resis- tance. Additionally, developing an effective topical treatment is still an enormous unmet medical challenge. Natural oils, e.g. the oleoresin from P. emarginatus fruits (SO), contain various bioactive molecules, especially terpenoid compounds such as diterpenes and sesquiterpenes. However, its use in topical formulations can be impaired due to the natural barrier of the skin for low water solubility compounds. Nanoemulsions (NE) are drug delivery systems able to increase penetration of lipophilic compounds throughout the skin, improving their topical effect. In this context, we propose the use of SO-containing NE (SO-NE) for CL treatment. The SO-NE was produced by a low energy method and presented suitable physicochemical characteristic: average diameter and polydispersity index lower than 180 nm and 0.2, respectively. Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice were given topical doses of SO or SO-NE. The topical use of a combination of SO-NE and intra- peritoneal meglumine antimoniate reduced lesion size by 41 % and tissue regeneration was proven by histo- pathological analyses. In addition, a reduction in the parasitic load and decreased in the level of IFN-γ in the lesion may be associated, as well as a lower level of the cytokine IL-10 may be associated with a less intense inflammatory process. The present study suggests that SO-NE in combination meglumine antimoniate represents a promising alternative for the topical treatment of CL caused by L. (L.) amazonensis.Item Nano-emulsions of the essential oil of Baccharis reticularia and its constituents as eco-friendly repellents against Tribolium castaneum.(2021) Lima, Luana A.; Sá, Paula S. Ferreira; Garcia Júnior, Manoel Daltro Nunes; Pereira, Vera Lúcia P.; Carvalho, Jose Carlos Tavares; Rocha, Leandro; Fernandes, Caio Pinho; Souto, Raimundo Nonato Picanço; Araújo, Raquel Silva; Botas, Gisele da Silva; Cruz, Rodrigo Alves SoaresNanoproducts based on natural products have been studied as ecologically and economically sustainable alter- natives for crop pest control. Baccharis reticularia DC. is a shrub endemic to Brazil, which leaves are traditionally used in aromatic medicinal baths. This study aims to evaluate the repellent activities of nano-emulsions con- taining the B. reticularia phytochemically characterized essential oil and some of its monoterpene constituents (limonene, α-pinene, and β-pinene) against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Essential oil was obtained by hydro- distillation of fresh leaves and stems and yielded 0.28 % (w/w). The main constituents of the essential oil were: limonene (14.6 %), β-myrcene (12.6 %), and bicyclogermacrene (12.5 %). The required hydrophile-lipophile balance (rHLB) of the nano-emulsions were: 13 (α-pinene) and 15 (essential oil, limonene, and β-pinene). All nano-emulsions showed mean droplet sizes bellow 200 nm and remain stable, at least, for 28 days (limonene), 90 days (β-pinene), or 150 days (essential oil and α-pinene). All nano-emulsions exhibited repellent activity against T. castaneum at 8.8 μg/cm2 . Limonene and α-pinene were the most active nano-emulsions, showing significant repellent action at 1.1 μg/cm2 , which indicates that these compounds contribute to the repellent action of the essential oil of B. reticularia. The present study opens perspectives for the utilization of B. reticularia essential oil and its constituents as raw material of new promising nanopesticides produced using a low energy, solvent-free and ecofriendly method. Thus, this work contributes significantly to the search for new ecologically correct strategies for the control of T. castaneum.