Browsing by Author "Pereira, Gislaine Ribeiro"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Associating chitosan and microemulsion as a topical vehicle for the administration of herbal medicines.
    (2021) Oliveira, Denise A. J.; Amaral, Juliano G.; Garcia, Laryana Borges; Santos, Milena Soares dos; Silva, Lorena A. O.; Almeida, Maiara Prates de; Gomes, Angélica Ferraz; Barros, Danielle R. P.; Lopes, Norberto Peporine; Pereira, Gislaine Ribeiro; Santos, Orlando David Henrique dos; Ruela, André Luís Morais
    A viscous solution of low molecular weight chitosan (CH) at 5% w/v (10.2 kDa, 75 % deacetylated, 1451 cP at 25 ◦C) was associated with a microemulsion (ME) that undergoes a phase transition after water absorption in situ (≈28 % w/w), forming a more viscous liquid crystal, which was potentially evaluated as a topical vehicle. The ME was selected from a phase diagram, selecting a composition based on Tween® 80 (52 %), myristate isopropyl (28 %), and the aqueous phase (water and polyethylene glycol 400, 60:40 w/w) (20 %), which was after replaced by CH and herbal medicines (HM). HM are alternatives to treat candidiasis, and Stryphnodendron adstringens shell extract, characterized by molecular networking, and Melaleuca alternifolia Chell essential oil (46 % of terpinen-4- ol), showed in vitro activity against Candida albicans. Associating CH in ME improved the mechanical properties of the topical formulation, as adhesiveness, which is an advantageous feature for the topical treatment of vul vovaginal candidiasis.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Novel insights to enhance therapeutics with acyclovir in the management of herpes simplex encephalitis.
    (2021) Assis, Maria Silvia Gurgel; Pedrosa, Taciane Cristina Fernandes; Moraes, Fernanda Segurasse de; Caldeira, Tamires Guedes; Pereira, Gislaine Ribeiro; Souza, Jacqueline de; Ruela, Andre Luís Morais
    Acyclovir is an antiviral drug poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract due to its hydrophilicity, with low oral bioavailability (~20%). Although acyclovir is prescribed in the management of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), the disease has a poor prognosis, particularly if the treatment is delayed, reaching mortality rates of 70% if left untreated. Thus, high acyclovir doses are administered by intravenous (IV) infusion, usually at a dosage of 10 mg kg1 8-hourly in adults with normal renal function. However, the mortality related to HSE treated with acyclovir remains high (~20%) and permanent sequelae are commonly reported after 1 year (~50%). This review analyzed clinical trials following IV acyclovir administration. Novel insights aiming to improve drug bioavailability were reviewed, including acyclovir or its prodrugs, leading to the systemic distribution of the drug or drug targeting. Much research effort has been made to improve antiviral therapy, searching for delivery systems increasing acyclovir bioavailability by non-invasive pathways, such as oral and nasal pathways, or parenterally administered nanotechnology-based systems leading to drug targeting. Nanocarriers administered by non-invasive pathways represent feasible alternatives to treat HSE, even though not be industrially manufactured yet.