Browsing by Author "Ruffino Netto, Antonio"

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    Evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic tests in children and adolescents at a pediatric reference center.
    (2022) Rossoni, Andrea Maciel de Oliveira; Lovero, Kathryn L.; Tahan, Tonny T.; Ruffino Netto, Antonio; Rossoni, Marssoni Deconto; Almeida, Isabela Neves de; Lizzi, Elisângela Aparecida da Silva; Kritski, Afranio Lineu; Rodrigues, Cristina O.
    This study compared the therapeutic potential of the chemotherapy using meglumine antimoniate encapsulated in a mixture of conventional and PEGylated liposomes (Nano Sbv ) and immunotherapy with anti-canine IL-10 receptor-blocking monoclonal antibody (Anti IL-10R) on canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Twenty mongrel dogs naturally infected by L. infantum, displaying clinical signs of visceral leishmaniasis were randomly divided in two groups. In the first one, nine dogs received six intravenous doses of a mixture of conventional and PEGylated liposomes containing meglumine antimoniate at 6.5 mg Sb/kg/dose. In the second one, eleven dogs received two intramuscular doses of 4 mg of anti-canine IL-10 receptor-blocking monoclonal antibody. The animals were evaluated before (T0) and 30, 90, and 180 days after treatments. Our major results demonstrated that both treatments were able to maintain hematological and biochemical parameters, increase circulating T lymphocytes subpopulations, increase the IFN-γ producing T-CD4 lymphocytes, restore the lymphoproliferative capacity and improve the clinical status. However, although these improvements were observed in the initial post-treatment times, they did not maintain until the end of the experimental follow-up. We believe that the use of booster doses or the association of chemotherapy and immunotherapy (immunochemotherapy) is promising to improve the effectiveness of treating CVL for improving the clinical signs and possibly reducing the parasite burden in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum.
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    Factors associated with non-completion of latent tuberculosis infection treatment in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil : a non-matched case control study.
    (2022) Aguiar, R. M. de; Vieira, M. A. M. da Silva; Almeida, Isabela Neves de; Ramalho, D. M. de Paula; Ruffino Netto, Antonio; Carvalho, Anna Cristina C.; Kritski, Afranio L.
    Introduction: There are scarce data on the routine latent tuberculosis infection treatment (LTBIT) and factors associated with a non-completion in high tuberculosis burden countries. Therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT. Materials and methods: This was a non-matched case control study conducted at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 114 cases and 404 controls were enrolled between January/1999 and December/2009. Cases were close contacts who did not complete the LTBIT and controls were the contacts that completed it. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate risk factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT among contacts in two different periods of recruitment. Results: Factors associated with non-completion LTBIT included: drug use (OR 23.33, 95% CI 1.83---296.1), TB treatment default by the index case (OR 16.97, 95% CI 3.63---79.24) and drug intolerance. TB disease rates after two years of follow up varied from 0.4% to 1.9%. The number necessary to treat to prevent one TB case among contacts was 116. Conclusions: Non-completion treatment by the index case and illicit drug use were associated with not completing latent tuberculosis infection treatment and no tuberculosis disease was identified among those who completed latent tuberculosis infection treatment.