Browsing by Author "Silva, Marcelo Gomes da"

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    Ecophysiological and biochemical parameters for assessing Cr+6 stress conditions in Pterogyne nitens Tul. : new and usual methods for the management and restoration of degraded areas.
    (2014) Paiva, Luisa Brito; Correa, Savio Figueira; Santa Catarina, Claudete; Floh, Eny Iochevet Segal; Silva, Marcelo Gomes da; Vitória, Angela Pierre
    Heavy metals, such as Cr (chromium), have received attention during recent years due to their disposal in soil and water. Brave peanut (Pterogyne nitens Tul.), a tropical tree, was cultivated in 500 mol L-1 Cr+6 to observe how this species responds to this stress, with a view to its possible application in the restoration of degraded areas. In the present study, we report the use of a new method, photoacoustic spectroscopy, to evaluate the emission of CO2 and ethylene and the use of other standard techniques for assessing stress (chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment determination, leaf relative water, specific leaf area, NO (nitric oxide) and polyamines. Photoacoustic spectroscopy appears to provide an innovative and efficient technique for detecting stress induced by heavy metals soon after their contact with plants. Polyamine content, as well as ethylene and NO, were seen to be sensitive to Cr+6; polyamines were decreased in leaves and increased in roots, ethylene was increased in the whole plant and NO was increased in the roots. Our results demonstrating alterations in ethylene in response to Cr+6 are, to date, unreported and the technique used for these measurements is novel. With regard to the polyamines, modulations in their concentrations may have protected the photosystem II, since no photosynthetic alterations were observed for pigments and chlorophyll a fluorescence.
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    Effects of ozone exposure on ‘golden’ papaya fruit by photoacoustic phase-resolved method : physiological changes associated with carbon dioxide and ethylene emission rates during ripening.
    (2011) Corrêa, Savio Figueira; Mota, Leonardo; Paiva, Luisa Brito; Couto, Flávio Mota do; Silva, Marcelo Gomes da; Oliveira, Jurandi Gonçalves de; Sthel, Marcelo Silva; Vargas, Helion; Miklós, András
    This work addresses the effects of ozone activity on the physiology of ‘Golden’ papaya fruit. Depth profile analysis of double-layer biological samples was accomplished using the phase-resolved photoacoustic spectroscopy. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated by singling out the spectra of the cuticle and the pigment layers of papaya fruit. The same approach was used to monitor changes occurring on the fruit during ripening when exposed to ozone. In addition, one has performed real time studies of fluorescence parameters and the emission rates of carbon dioxide and ethylene. Finally, the amount of pigments and the changes in waxy cuticle have been monitored. Results indicate that a fruit deliberately subjected to ozone at a level of 6 ppmv underwent ripening sooner (at least 24-48 h) than a fruit stored at ambient conditions. Moreover, ozone caused a reduction in the maximum quantum yield of photosynthetic apparatus located within the skin of papaya fruit. VC 2011 American Institute of Physics.
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    Influence of hydrothermal treatments on papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.).
    (2012) Corrêa, Savio Figueira; Silva, Marcelo Gomes da; Pereira, Talita; Almeida Júnior, Paulo Sérgio Gomes de; Vargas, Helion; Oliveira, Jurandi Gonçalves de; Berili, Sávio Silva
    Four postharvest hydrothermal treatments were applied on papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.) ‘Golden’ and the stress stimulated by the treatments was monitored by the ethylene (C2H4), carbon dioxide (CO2) emission rates and fruit quality. The postharvest hydrothermal treatments consisted of submerging alternately the fruit into two water baths, the first one with water at a temperature of 49°C and the second at 12°C. An increase in the emission rates of both gaseous species (C2H4 and CO2) was observed as a response to the stress. Typical quality parameters as pulp firmness, pH, titratable acidity and total soluble solids were simultaneously determined and correlated with the gases emitted from the fruits.