Effects of aquatic exercise in post-exercise hypotension : a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Background: Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) can be an important non-
pharmacological strategy in the treatment of arterial hypertension. Both aerobic
and resistance exercises produce PEH, but it is not clear if the exercise environment can
lead to a higher PEH.
Objective: This meta-analysis investigated whether a session of aquatic exercise (AE)
induces PEH in comparison with control conditions such as land exercise (LE) or rest in
hypertensive subjects.
Methods: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the
following electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. Ambulatory
blood pressure measurements made in randomized clinical trials were pooled to compare
PEH induced by AE with LE and rest conditions in hypertensive subjects.
Results: Data from four trials were included, which comprised 127 participants (94
women and 33 men). A 24-h analysis did not detect significant differences between AE
and LE or rest for either systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP).
Monitoring during the night showed that AE induced significant PEH in comparison with
LE for SBP [−8.6 (−15.0 to −1.5) mmHg (p = 0.01)]. For DBP, the AE had pronounced
PEH during the night in comparison with LE [−3.7 (−4.7 to −2.8) mmHg, p = 0.000] and
rest [−1.7 (−1.9 to −0.8) mmHg, p = 0.000]. There were no differences in daytime values.
Conclusion: AE showed a higher PEH effect than LE sessions and rest conditions. PEH
was observed in both SBP and DBP during the night. The number of studies was low,
but all studies included in this meta-analysis used 24-h monitoring. The understanding of
clinical relevance of AE, inducing a higher PEH, depends on a standardization of exercise
protocols plus a rigorous monitoring of blood pressure.
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Keywords
Water-based exercise, Ambulatory blood pressure
Citation
TRINDADE, C. O. et al. Effects of aquatic exercise in post-exercise hypotension : a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Physiology, v. 13, jan. 2022. Disponível em: <https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.834812/full>. Acesso em: 11 out. 2022.