Burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to dietary risks in Brazil, 1990-2019 : an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Introduction: An unhealthy diet is a modifiable risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), one of the most important public
health problems in Brazil. This study aimed to analyze the burden of NCDs attributable to dietary risks in Brazil between 1990-2019.
Methods: Secondary data from the Global Burden of Disease Study were used to estimate the burden attributable to fifteen dietary
risks in Brazil. The main sources of data for Brazil were national surveys and international databases. A comparative risk assessment
was used to obtain the population attributable fraction. We described the intake of each dietary risk and the distribution of number and
rates of deaths and Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to diet by sex, age, state, and year from 1990-2019. Results:
Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and neoplasms were the main NCDs attributable to an unhealthy diet. Age-standardized
mortality and DALYs rates attributable to unhealthy diet decreased between 1990-2019 (-51.5% and -48.8, respectively). Diet high
in red meat and sodium, and low in whole grains were the three main risk factors contributing to the burden of NCDs both in 1990
and 2019. The burden of NCDs was higher among males in the middle-aged population (around 50 years), as well as in the states of
Maranhão, Rio de Janeiro, and Alagoas. Conclusions: The present study found a suboptimum diet among the Brazilian population. The
major contributors to this burden were diet high in red meat and sodium and low in whole grains. This study supports priorities in public
policies on food and nutrition to reduce the burden of NCDs.
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Keywords
Nutritional epidemiology, Diet, food, and nutrition, Disability-adjusted life years, Mortality, Risk factors
Citation
MACHADO, I. E. et al. Burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to dietary risks in Brazil, 1990-2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine, v. 55, artigo e0282-2021, 2022. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/rsbmt/a/c9NSmWYFZDFTRrhY8mhjVpt/abstract/?lang=en>. Acesso em: 11 out. 2022.