Browsing by Author "Ferraz, Diogo"
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Item Análise da governança na resiliência regional para os municípios do Quadrilátero Ferrífero em Minas Gerais (2004- 2019).(2022) Correa, Beatriz Cunha Freitas; Silva, Fernanda Faria; Tupy, Igor Santos; Silva, Fernanda Faria; Tupy, Igor Santos; Ferraz, Diogo; Montenegro, Rosa Lívia GonçalvesAinda que o setor extrativo mineral gere empregos, renda e seja uma das principais fontes de arrecadação dos municípios nos quais está presente, podendo melhorar o bem estar e qualidade de vida da população, a renda da mineração nem sempre se converte em melhorias sociais. Sem uma boa governança, a atividade mineradora traz consigo efeitos adversos, causando dependência econômica e tributária, desigualdade e enclaves econômicos, dentre outros fatores que impactam a resiliência desses municípios, ou seja, a capacidade de reagir e se recuperar de choques, especialmente os de caráter contracionista. A partir deste debate, o objetivo central do trabalho é compreender a relação entre resiliência regional e governança, a partir de uma perspectiva multidimensional, abordando os municípios especializados no setor extrativo mineral do estado de Minas Gerais, com ênfase à região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, de 2004 a 2019, período que abrange desde o boom da demanda e preço das commodities, passando à debacle a partir de 2011, e recuperação até os dias atuais. Este trabalho se justifica visto que a governança ainda é um atributo pouco discutido na literatura sobre resiliência em regiões altamente especializadas, especialmente para o Brasil. Além disso, o papel do Estado, das instituições e da sociedade civil é de fundamental importância quanto à definição de estratégias para mitigação de impactos negativos da atividade mineradora e fortalecimento de uma estrutura de resiliência para estas regiões. Para tanto, além da análise da resiliência econômica de curto prazo, conforme o modelo proposto por Martin et al. (2016), foram utilizadas as estratégias empíricas: i) análise fatorial para a composição do indicador multidimensional de resiliência; ii) análise envoltória dos dados para a estruturação de um indicador de eficiência da governança; e iii) análise de dados em painel relacionando a resiliência multidimensional e a eficiência da governança. Dentre os principais resultados, verifica-se que, no curto prazo, o emprego formal sustenta os impactos dos choques contracionistas, fazendo com que a região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero apresente boa capacidade de resiliência econômica. Contudo, considerando as condições estruturais (captadas através do Indicador Multidimensional de Resiliência), não foram observados bons resultados para os municípios analisados. Além disso, apesar de uma fraca correlação, constatou-se uma relação positiva entre a governança e a resiliência, e se confirmou a importância de tratar a resiliência por uma abordagem multidimensional.Item Brazilian states in the context of COVID-19 pandemic : an index proposition using network data envelopment analysis.(2021) Mariano, Enzo Barberio; Torres, Bruno G.; Almeida, Mariana Rodrigues de; Ferraz, Diogo; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento; Mello, João Carlos Soares deThis study aims to evaluate comparatively the situation of the federal units and the Brazilian states in relation to the pandemic of new coronaviruses (COVID19) through the technique of Network Data Envelopment Analysis (Network DEA - NDEA). For the development of research, data were collected on the Ministry of Health website, for all regions that register cases of virus cases notified until April 27, 2020. The purpose of the analysis is to assess regional discrepancies in the country. The model consists of the following structure: three inputs (number of doctors, number of respirators and number of clinical beds), an intermediate variable (number of reported cases) and one output (number of deaths). The results indicated that the federative unit with the worst performance overall was Amazonas, while the worst capital was Manaus. With two-dimensional representation, managers can visualize better which locations have the worst performance and assess which locations require more assistance. Depending on the results, managers can develop regional action plans, which can take steps to prevent the collapse of the health system.Item Comparing cars with apples? : identifying the appropriate benchmark countries for relative ecological pollution rankings and international learning.(2021) Hartmann, Dominik; Ferraz, Diogo; Bezerra, Mayra; Pyka, Andreas; Pinheiro, Flávio L.One of the most difficult tasks that economies face is how to generate economic growth without causing environmental damage. Research in economic complexity has provided new methods to reveal structural constraints and opportunities for green economic diversification and sophistication, as well as the effects of economic complexity on environmental pollution indicators. However, no research so far has compared the ecological efficiency of countries with similar productive structures and levels of economic complexity, and used this information to identify the best learning partners. This matters, because there are substantial differences in the environmental damage caused by the same product in different countries, and green diversification needs to be complemented by substantial efficiency improvements of existing products. In this article, we use data on 774 different types of exports, CO2 emissions, and the ecological footprint of 99 countries to create first a relative ecological pollution ranking (REPR). Then, we use methods from network science to reveal a benchmark network of the best learning partners based on country pairs with a large extent of export similarity, yet significant differences in pollution values. This is important because it helps to reveal adequate benchmark countries for efficiency improvements and sustainable production, considering that countries may specialize in substantially different types of economic activities. Finally, the article i) illustrates large efficiency improvements within current global output levels, ii) helps to identify countries that can best learn from each other, and iii) improves the information base in international negotiations for the sake of a cleaner global production system.Item COVID health structure index : the vulnerability of Brazilian microregions.(2021) Ferraz, Diogo; Mariano, Enzo Barberio; Manzine, Patricia Regina; Moralles, Herick Fernando; Morceiro, Paulo César; Torres, Bruno Guimarães; Almeida, Mariana Rodrigues de; Mello, João Carlos Soares de; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do NascimentoMany developing countries have highly unequal health systems across their regions. The pandemic of COVID-19 brought an additional challenge, as hospital structures equipped with doctors, intensive care units and respirators are not available to a sufcient extent in all regions. Using Data Envelopment Analysis, we create a COVID Index to verify whether the hospital structures in 543 Brazilian microregions are adequate to deal with COVID-19 and to verify whether public policies were implemented in the right direction. The results indicate that hospital structures in the poorest microregions were the most vulnerable, although the peak of COVID-19 occurred in the richest microregions (Sao Paulo). The Southeast states could relocate hospital resources or even patients between their regions. The relocation was not possible in many states in the Northeast, as the health system poorly assisted the interior of these states. These fndings reveal that the heterogeneity of microre- gions’ hospital structures follows the patterns of socioeconomic inequalities. We conclude that it is easier for the wealthier regions to reallocate hospital resources internally than for the poorest regions. By using the COVID Index, policymakers and hospital managers have straightforward information to decide which regions must receive new investments and reallocate underutilized resources.Item Cultura e criatividade : um estudo sobre a importância e os desafios do desenvolvimento da indústria criativa no Brasil.(2023) Souza, Gabriel Magalhães Matheus e; Viana, Francisca Diana Ferreira; Tupy, Igor Santos; Viana, Francisca Diana Ferreira; Tupy, Igor Santos; Faria, Diomira Maria Cicci Pinto; Ferraz, DiogoCom o aprimoramento das tecnologias informacionais e a chegada da chamada Revolução 4.0, a economia criativa vem conquistando um papel de maior destaque nas discussões sobre o desenvolvimento econômico. O setor cultural possui laços estreitos com a Indústria Criativa - IC, de forma que uma tende a fomentar a existência da outra. No presente trabalho testou-se como as cidades brasileiras com mais de 200 mil habitantes se agrupam, dadas as características suas Indústrias Criativas e Culturais e indicadores socioeconômicos adaptados para o caso da IC brasileira, através de uma análise de clusters. Foram analisados, também, os componentes principais responsáveis pela caracterização dos agrupamentos. O objetivo da pesquisa foi, a partir dos testes e análises realizados, encontrar clusters formados pelas cidades analisadas e compreender como fatores socioeconômicos afetam suas distribuições. As bases de dados utilizadas na análise foram retiradas da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais - RAIS, das bases do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual - INPI, do Atlas da Violência do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA e dos resultados eleitorais divulgados pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral - TSE. Os resultados indicaram a existência de ao menos 4 clusters criativos no Brasil considerando os indicadores propostos, sendo cada um deles diferentemente influenciados pelos componentes encontrados. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram haver relação entre as variáveis analisadas e a formação de agrupamentos de cidades com ICs semelhantes, confirmando a hipótese da pesquisa.Item Determinants of Absorptive Capacity : a systematic literature review.(2021) Silveira, Naijela Janaina Costa; Ferraz, Diogo; Mello, Diego Scarpa de; Silva, Eduardo Polloni; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento; Moralles, Herick FernandoPurpose – To conduct a literature review on the determinants of Absorptive Capacity (AC), which allows for productivity spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in developed and developing countries. Theoretical framework – This study is based on the literature indicating that before benefiting from spillovers, companies need a certain level of knowledge and expertise. Design/methodology/approach – A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of empirical studies on AC and productivity spillovers is presented. A total of 60 articles were reviewed. Findings – The SLR revealed that human capital and R&D investments are the most frequently cited determinants of AC. R&D is especially important for developing countries. Research, Practical & Social implications – Public policies targeting R&D development may be a valuable strategy to facilitate productivity spillovers in developing countries. Originality/value – This paper analyzes the determinants of AC while verifying how both developed and developing countries can benefit from FDI, which is of great importance considering the growth of FDI in developing countries.Item Dinâmica das firmas e diversificação da estrutura produtiva nas microrregiões brasileiras.(2023) Bueno, Alan; Ferraz, Diogo; Ferraz, Diogo; Hartmann, Dominik; Souza, Michel Cândido de; Moralles, Herick FernandoA dinâmica das firmas é um fenômeno relevante para a conjuntura econômica. Este fenômeno tem sido analisado por diversos estudos acadêmicos, embora a dinâmica das micro e pequenas firmas tenha recebido menor atenção, em especial, sobre o impacto no processo de diversificação econômica e diversificação de ocupações para os países em desenvolvimento. Desta forma, o objetivo desta dissertação é analisar o impacto da dinâmica de realocação intrasetorial (crescimento/decrescimento de micro e pequenas firmas do setor industrial) sobre a diversificação da estrutura produtiva e da diversidade das ocupações para as microrregiões brasileiras. Este estudo utilizou dados de 558 microrregiões brasileiras entre 2003 e 2015, com dados em painel do setor industrial, para estimar os modelos econométricos Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS), Driscoll-Kraay (DK) e de Variáveis Instrumentais (IV). Os resultados demonstraram o efeito positivo e estatisticamente significativo para a dinâmica das micro e pequenas empresas sobre a diversificação da estrutura produtiva e diversificação das ocupações. Neste sentido, os resultados corroboram para formulação de estratégias de desenvolvimento econômico por meio da diversificação econômica do Brasil.Item Eficiência de cooperativas agrícolas familiares no Brasil e na Espanha.(2020) Silva, Elizabete Maria da; Ferraz, Diogo; Gómez López, José Daniel; Costa, Reginaldo Brito da; Constantino, MichelCooperativas agrícolas familiares são uma alternativa para os agricultores que não conseguem competir com grandes produtores agroindustriais, entretanto, carecem trabalhos que analisem a eficiência, sobretudo, em países distintos. Este trabalho investigou a eficiência de cooperativas agrícolas no Brasil e na Espanha em 2015, a fim de avaliar se cooperativas agrícolas em países desenvolvidos são mais eficientes do que cooperativas em países em desenvolvimento. Após entrevistar 28 cooperativas agrícolas, sendo 14 no Brasil e 14 na Espanha, o Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) foi utilizado para calcular a eficiência, por meio do modelo Variable Return of Scale (VRS) e a técnica de desempate Fronteira Invertida (FI). Analisando dados financeiros e o número de trabalhadores, os resultados desta pesquisa revelaram que as cooperativas espanholas foram mais eficientes do que as cooperativas brasileiras. Entretanto, a maior parte das cooperativas espanholas possuem retornos decrescentes, mas as cooperativas brasileiras mostraram retornos crescentes, o que evidencia a possibilidade de crescimento das cooperativas no Brasil. Além disso, em ambos os países, as cooperativas com produção de maior valor agregado mostraram maior índice de eficiência. No Brasil, as produtoras de leite foram mais eficientes do que as cooperativas hortifrutícolas. Na Espanha, o beneficiamento de frutas e as vinícolas foram as cooperativas com maior eficiência. Isto demonstra que o tipo de bens produzidos influencia a eficiência das cooperativas. Os resultados deste estudo podem ser utilizados por formuladores de políticas públicas em ambos países, a fim de compreender as melhores práticas para elevar a eficiência das cooperativas agrícolas familiares.Item Energy efficiency and China's sustainable carbon neutrality target : evidence from novel research methods quantile on quantile regression approach.(2022) Bao, Zongke; Ferraz, Diogo; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do NascimentoSince the last few decades, scholars and policy-makers have been struggling to find ways to achieve carbon neutrality target or a low carbon economy. To contribute to the existing literature regarding the said issue, this study aims to investigate whether energy efficiency could lead to achieving carbon neutrality target in the case of China. Also, this study analyses the association of economic growth to energy-related greenhouse gas emissions while using quarterly data over the period from 1990Q1 to 2014Q2. Empirical findings of the study suggest the mixed order of integration and Cointegration between economic growth, energy efficiency, and energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. This study employed a Quantile-on-Quantile regression approach to examine the long-run association at various quantiles. The esti- mated results asserted that energy efficiency holds a weaker rela- tionship in the lower and medium quantiles, while relatively higher association to energy-related emission in the upper quan- tiles. On the other hand, economic growth and its squared are found significantly and highly associated with enhancing energy- related emissions in the country. Besides, the frequency domain causality indicates a causal association running from energy effi- ciency and economic growth to energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. This study recommends revised policies for energy effi- ciency and suggests that economic growth could be used as a remedial measure for environmental recovery by enhancing investment in the renewable energy sector, energy efficiency, and structural transformation of the industrial sector.Item Environmental Kuznets curve and the pollution-halo/haven hypotheses : an investigation in Brazilian municipalities.(2021) Silva, Eduardo Polloni; Ferraz, Diogo; Camioto, Flávia de Castro; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento; Moralles, Herick FernandoThere is much discussion on the non-linear relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Additionally, the effects of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the environment are ambiguous, as both beneficial (i.e., pollution-halo) and harmful (i.e., pollution- haven) effects were found. Therefore, the literature presents no consensus on either of these topics. This is especially problematic for developing regions, as these regions represent growing economies interested in receiving foreign investments, and their CO2 -related research is limited. This study aims to understand the impacts of economic growth and FDI on the CO2 emissions of São Paulo state, Brazil. To perform this study, a unique dataset on regional FDI was built, and 592 municipalities were included. The analyses combine linear and non-linear estimations, and the results suggest a non-linear relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and CO2 emissions, along with a negative association between FDI and CO2 . Finally, this study discusses possible policy implications and contributes to the international literature.Item Exploring the effects of import diversification on energy efficiency : evidence from the OECD economies.(2022) Dogan, Buhari; Ferraz, Diogo; Gupta, Monika; Huynh, Toan Luu Duc; Shahzadi, IrumThis study aims to unveil the heterogeneous impacts of import product diversification and institutional factors for achieving energy efficiency in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. In doing so, the study employs robust econometric techniques such as Fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) co-integration, pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS), pool mean group regressions, fixed effects, and random effects for panel data from 1990 to 2015 for selected OECD countries. The detailed empirical outcomes suggest that import product diversification is conducive to reducing the energy and carbon intensity (improvement in energy effi- ciency) in OECD countries. The empirical conclusions provide various guidelines to achieve cleaner and greener growth and align with various Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy, SDG 9: Industry, innovation, and infrastructure, and SDG 13: Climate action) of OECD countries. The paper elaborates fruitful policy suggestions regarding the diversification of imports and energy use- carbon emission-nexus for the OECD member nations. Based on the findings, policymakers and environmental scientists should strengthen the trade-energy and import portfolio policies to attain energy efficiency.Item Exploring the heterogenous impacts of environmental taxes on environmental footprints : an empirical assessment from developed economies.(2021) Rafique, Muhammad Zahid; Fareed, Zeeshan; Ferraz, Diogo; Ikram, Majid; Huang, ShaoanThe Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) economies face the challenges of rising energy demand, urbanization, and growing environmental issues (rising ecological footprint and less biodiversity). The primary objective of this article is to explore the role of environmental taxes and economic growth on the growing ecological footprint in 29 OECD economies. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and the related intermediate estimators are used to attain the purpose. The two substitute single equation estimators, DOLS, FMOLS, and fixed effect, are also employed to check the robustness of the ARDL estimator. Empirical results reveal that environmental-related taxes, eco- nomic growth, foreign direct investment, energy use, urbanization, renewable energy, and industriali- zation significantly influence the long-term ecological footprint in OECD countries. The dynamics of the studied variables got changed when time is considered. In the short-term, these dynamics are mixed while staying similar in the long-term across the OECD countries. This is attributed to varying levels of renewable energy use and industrialization progress in OECD countries. The empirical conclusions suggest that OECD economies need careful monitoring of environmental regulations for energy usage policies and cleaner production goals.Item Financial and trade globalization, greener technologies and energy transition.(2023) Mariano, Enzo Barberio; Ferraz, Diogo; Radulescu, Magdalena; Shahzadi, IrumItem Investigating the spill overs and connectedness between financial globalization, high-tech industries and environmental footprints : fresh evidence in context of China.(2022) Shahzad, Umer; Ferraz, Diogo; Nguyen, Huu-Huan; Cui, LianbiaoChina faces the challenge of promoting high-tech industries and concomitantly reduces ecological footprints. This research analyzes the directional spillover impacts and connectedness for financial and trade globalization, high-tech industries, and environmental footprints of China. The authors used the data of financial globalization, trade globalization, economic complexity, middle and high-tech industrial contribution, and ecological footprint of China throughout 1996Q1 to 2019Q4. The empirics contribute to the debate on the impacts of the high technology industry, financial globalization for the environmental sustainably in the era of the digital economy. The study finds positive spillover effects from financial globalization (FGI), and economic complexity towards ecological footprints. Further, the high technology industrial contribution has a less significant impact on reducing environmental footprints. Overall, the findings are robust to the presence of structural change effects and the cleaner production objectives for China’s case. Concomitantly, the empirical findings allow us to report innovative conclusions and implications regarding the sustainable development goals (SDG-7, 10), high-industry, and environmental sustainability in China.Item Linking economic complexity, diversification, and industrial policy with sustainable development : a structured literature review.(2021) Ferraz, Diogo; Falguera, Fernanda Pereira Sartori; Mariano, Enzo Barberio; Hartmann, DominikResearch on economic diversification and complexity has made significant advances in understanding economic development processes, but has only recently explored environmental and social sustainability considerations. In this article we evaluate the current state of this emerging literature and reveal 13 research gaps. A total of 35 different keywords and methods from structured literature reviews and network science helped to identify 374 scientific articles between 1988 and 2020 and revealed a fragmented research landscape around three larger network communities: (1) industrial policies, climate change, and green growth; (2) economic complexity and its association with inequality and environmental sustainability; and (3) economic diversification, including studies on livelihood diversification in poor areas. Economic complexity research applies new empirical methods and considers both social and environmental sustainability, but seldom scrutinizes theory and policy. Industrial policy research focuses on green growth policies but tends to omit social sustainability issues and advanced empirical methods. Research on economic diversification in poor regions provides insights on the livelihood diversification of farmers, but is disconnected from the economic complexity and industrial policy research. This review helps to summarize the main contributions and shows pathways for potential mutual learning between these communities for the sake of sustainable development.Item A logística de transportes do setor cafeeiro em Minas Gerais : uma comparação entre os modais rodoviário e ferroviário e a reinserção ferroviária de Varginha.(2021) Vasconcelos, Felipe Lopes Vieira; Torres, Carlos Eduardo da Gama; Silva, Gustavo Peixoto; Torres, Carlos Eduardo da Gama; Silva, Gustavo Peixoto; Ferraz, Diogo; Castro, Cleber Carvalho deO objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a logística de transporte utilizada nas exportações de café em Minas Gerais e compreender os custos envolvidos, como subsídio para a proposição de melhorias no sistema. Para atingir tais objetivos, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico, ao se elaborar um estudo sobre as influências dos custos de transporte na competitividade de mercado dos produtos, e ao contextualizar o desenvolvimento dos modais ferroviário e rodoviário e do setor cafeeiro no Brasil e em Minas Gerais. Além disso, a dissertação recorreu à pesquisa documental, ao explorar e manusear dados e informações de comércio internacional e de custos de transporte. Para a simulação de custos de transportes, foi realizada programação linear simples a partir de um modelo de transportes com nós e arcos. Foram identificadas possibilidades de ganhos logísticos para a exportação de café ao se utilizar o modal ferroviário em detrimento ao rodoviário - atualmente empregado no transporte do produto em Minas Gerais. O transporte de café pelas ferrovias apresentou custos menores e apontou para a redução da concentração em apenas um porto de destino, o que pode contribuir para a redução de gargalos dessa atividade. Por fim, a reinserção ferroviária da microrregião de Varginha se mostrou economicamente viável, ao apresentar retornos satisfatórios nos trajetos via Lavras e via Cruzeiro. O trajeto via Lavras apresentou tempo de payback e soma dos valores presentes menor, mas obteve um valor presente líquido e taxa interna de retorno maiores.Item Mechanization in sugarcane production and other agricultural activities : an econometric analysis of employment and income.(2021) Ferraz, Diogo; Oliveira, Fabíola Cristina Ribeiro de; Rebelatto, Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento; Pyka, AndreasSeveral studies argue that agricultural mechanization has reduced employment and wages. However, there is a lack of studies analyzing employment and income over time, especially comparing the agricultural activities. Our major argument is the structural change in the employment - from un-skilled to skilled workers which has to be understood because of the overall decrease in the number of jobs. This study aims to analyze the labor market evolution in sugarcane farming and other agricultural activities, from 1992 to 2015. Using the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD/IBGE), we compared sugarcane and other Brazilian crops using econometrics techniques. We analyzed the Heckman's procedure and models with fixed effects panel data, controlling the unobservable characteristics of workers. Methodologically, our equations show convergence, since the Heckman procedure and pooled regression present similar estimates. We showed that fixed- effect regression captures the same trends of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique, using the Heckman method. Our main findings suggest that the wage of sugarcane workers is higher than wages in other crops, even after we control the observable and regional characteristics. This finding is important because the sugarcane sector has faced criticism regarding the low level of employment and income due to the mechanization process. Finally, we pointed out the decrease in unskilled jobs in sugarcane, which demands for policy intervention to improve the human capital in the sugarcane sector.Item Modeling the building blocks of country-level absorptive capacity : comparing developed and emergent economies.(2021) Silveira, Naijela Janaina Costa; Ferraz, Diogo; Silva, Eduardo Polloni; Mello, Diego Scarpa de; Falguera, Fernanda Pereira Sartori; Moralles, Herick FernandoSeveral studies analyzed the importance of absorptive capacity (AC) to achieve economic development. How- ever, to the best of our knowledge, no study compares the building blocks (BBs) of AC between developed and emergent economies. This paper aims to identify and analyze the impact of the BBs on AC under dis- tinct levels of development (i.e., developed vs. emerging economies) using systematic literature review (SLR) and econometrics. Specifically, both linear and nonlinear analyses were employed. Our findings show that BBs in developed and emergent regions are different. For both groups, R&D, FDI (foreign direct investment), infras- tructure, and HDI (human development index) variables are BBs of AC. For developed economies, BBs also con- template secondary education enrollments, the higher education index, and the percentage of GDP spent on higher education. Moreover, the thresholds of BBs also differ between developed and emergent economies. This identification of BBs and possible AC thresholds is valuable, as it provides information to set goals and strate- gies before a foreign investment attraction policy. Thus, the results facilitate the development of more suitable strategies to enhance positive productivity spillovers and avoid negative spillovers whenever possible. These results show that policymakers cannot employ the same policies for the development of developed and emerging countries.Item Relação entre mortalidade por suicídio e crise econômica no Brasil entre 2000 e 2015.(2023) Alves, Raquel Lessa; Ribeiro, Mirian Martins; Delgado, Victor Maia Senna; Ribeiro, Mirian Martins; Delgado, Victor Maia Senna; Ferraz, Diogo; Máximo, Geovane da ConceiçãoO suicídio é um fenômeno complexo e multidimensional. Uma das grandes dimensões apontada por diversos autores é a socioeconômica, sendo o desemprego um de seus principais indicadores. Sendo assim, foi objetivo deste trabalho examinar se houve variações na mortalidade por suicídio em função de flutuações da taxa de ocupação decorrentes de períodos de crise no Brasil e entender como as características sociodemográficas do indivíduo interferiam nessa variação. Com base nos dados de mortalidade do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) do Datasus – Ministério da Saúde e de sobreviventes e econômicos da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio (PNAD) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) foi realizada uma análise exploratória dos dados de mortalidade e ocupação nas Regiões Metropolitanas (RM) do Brasil, entre 2000 e 2015. E, para estimar as relações exploradas foi usado um Modelo Poisson geral e separado para sexo masculino e feminino. Os resultados indicam maiores razões entre as taxas de suicídio masculino, mais altas nos grupos de 30 a 39 anos entre os homens e de 40 a 49 anos para as mulheres, mais altas na RM de Porto Alegre, maiores à medida que se avança entre os períodos e uma relação negativa entre o suicídio e a ocupação, para ambos os sexos. Identificar esses fatores é uma importante ferramenta para formuladores de políticas públicas em seu caráter de prevenção do suicídio, como programas de proteção social, cuidado e incentivo a manutenção da saúde mental e políticas econômicas que minimizem os impactos mais fortes da crise na população. Essas ações são fundamentais, principalmente diante de uma morte considerada evitável como é o caso do suicídio.Item Resilient regions in Brazil : unfolding the effects of covid-19 from a socioeconomic perspective.(2022) Tupy, Igor Santos; Silva, Fernanda Faria; Diniz, Gustavo Figueiredo Campolina; Montenegro, Rosa Lívia Gonçalves; Stein, Alexandre de Queiroz; Ferraz, DiogoAt the beginning of 2020, the world was left in an unprecedented state of shock by the COVID-19 pandemic. Brazil quickly became the epicenter of new cases of contam- ination, where the propagation of the virus was unrestrained, despite boasting one of the strongest Universal health coverage systems in Latin America. This paper has at least three empirical contributions to the literature about economic resilience and the COVID-19 pandemic. Firstly it is a critical issue regarding the “economics versus life” trade-off, which is an essential question for developing countries, given that policy- makers must decide between policies to reduce the number of COVID-19 infections without damaging the economy. Secondly, our findings suggest that the early adoption of isolation measures applied in 2020, such as the financial aid and the vaccination have been effective in controlling the effects of the pandemic, especially in vulnerable microregions. Furthermore, it was verified that the Emergency financial aid was a fundamental policy in minimizing the economic impacts of the pandemic and allowing people to practice social distancing, contributing positively to the Employment Re- silience Index and negatively related to the growth rate of deaths due to COVID-19. The contribution of our study is to measure an inverted U-shaped curve to dem- onstrate that policymakers must achieve a minimum of families to decrease the COVID-19 deaths. These contributions are essential and straightforward findings to lead policymakers’ decisions in developing countries facing financial constraints in the public budget and population reticence about physical distancing, self-quarantine and vaccination.