Browsing by Author "Giatti, Luana"
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Item Adaptação transcultural e confiabilidade de medidas de características autorreferidas de vizinhança no ELSA-Brasil.(2013) Santos, Simone M.; Griep, Rosane Härter; Cardoso, Letícia de Oliveira; Alves, Márcia Guimarães de Mello; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da; Giatti, Luana; Chor, DóraOBJETIVO: Descrever o processo de adaptação de escalas de medida de características de vizinhança para o português brasileiro. MÉTODOS: As dimensões abordadas foram coesão social, ambiente propício para atividade física, disponibilidade de alimentos saudáveis, segurança em relação a crimes, violência percebida e vitimização. No processo de adaptação foram avaliados aspectos de equivalência entre as escalas originais e respectivas versões para o português. A confi abilidade teste-reteste foi avaliada em submostra de 261 participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) que responderam ao mesmo questionário em dois momentos distintos em um intervalo de tempo de sete a 14 dias entre as duas aplicações. RESULTADOS: Os aspectos de equivalência avaliados mostraram-se adequados. O coefi ciente de correlação intraclasse variou entre 0,83 (IC95% 0,78;0,87) para Coesão Social e 0,90 (IC95% 0,87;0,92) para Ambiente para Atividade Física. As escalas apresentaram consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach) que variaram entre 0,60 e 0,84. CONCLUSÕES: As medidas autorreferidas de características de vizinhança tiveram reprodutibilidade muito boa e boa consistência interna. Os resultados sugerem que essas escalas podem ser utilizadas em estudos com população brasileira que apresente características similares àquelas do ELSA-Brasil.Item Association between maternal education and blood pressure : mediation evidence through height components in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).(2017) Rodríguez López, Santiago; Benseñor, Isabela Judith Martins; Giatti, Luana; Carmen Molina, Maria del; Lotufo, Paulo AndradeBackground: Maternal education influences skeletal growth and offspring adult blood pressure (BP). Height components are negatively associated with BP in high-income countries. Aim: To evaluate the association between maternal education and offspring adult systolic and diastolic BP (SBP/DBP), assessing whether different height components might mediate such an association. Subjects and methods: Simple mediation modelling was used to evaluate the maternal education-offspring SBP/DBP association, estimating the contribution of offspring height components, in a cross-sectional sample of 13 571 Brazilians aged 34-75 from the ELSA-Brasil study. Results: After full adjustment for confounders, and compared to participants whose mothers received low education, those whose mothers received high education, had on average, 0.2 mm Hg lower SBP (95% CI: -0.274, -0.132), as result of the link between maternal education and offspring adult height which, in turn, influenced SBP. Thus, 18-26% of the maternal education-SBP association occurred indirectly, through height, trunk and leg length, alternatively. Conclusions: Better maternal education might influence higher leg and trunk lengths in offspring, which in turn, might contribute to prevent higher BP in adults. The negative height-BP association reported in high-income countries is also present in a middle-income country with more recent economic development.Item Association between perceived neighbourhood characteristics, physical activity and diet quality : results of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).(2016) Chor, Dóra; Cardoso, Letícia de Oliveira; Nobre, Aline Araújo; Griep, Rosane Härter; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da; Giatti, Luana; Benseñor, Isabela Judith Martins; Molina, Maria del Carmen Bisi; Aquino, Estela M. L.; Roux, Ana V. Diez; Castiglione, Débora de Pina; Santos, Simone M.Background: The study explores associations between perceived neighbourhood characteristics, physical activity and diet quality, which in Latin America and Brazil have been scarcely studied and with inconsistent results. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 14,749 individuals who participated in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto, ELSA-Brasil) baseline. The study included current and retired civil servants, aged between 35 and 74 years, from universities and research institutes in six Brazilian states. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long form was used to characterize physical activity during leisure time and commuting; additional questions assessed how often fruit and vegetables were consumed, as a proxy for diet quality. Neighbourhood characteristics were evaluated by the “Walking Environment” and “Availability of Healthy Foods” scales originally used in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Associations were examined using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Perceiving a more walkable neighbourhood was positively associated with engaging in leisure time physical activity and doing so for longer weekly. Compared with those who saw their neighbourhood as less walkable, those who perceived it as more walkable had 1.69 (95 % CI 1.57–1.83) and 1.39 (1.28–1.52) greater odds of engaging in leisure time physical activity for more than 150 min/week or up to 150 min/week (vs. none), respectively. Perceiving a more walkable neighbourhood was also positively associated with transport-related physical activity. The same pattern was observed for diet: compared with participants who perceived healthy foods as less available in their neighbourhood, those who saw them as more available had odds 1.48 greater (1.31–1.66) of eating fruits, and 1.47 greater (1.30–1.66) of eating vegetables, more than once per day. Conclusions: Perceived walkability and neighbourhood availability of healthy food were independently associated with the practice of physical activity and diet quality, respectively, underlining the importance of neighbourhood-level public policies to changing and maintaining health-related habits.Item Comportamentos saudáveis e escolaridade no Brasil : tendência temporal de 2008 a 2013.(2016) Camelo, Lidyane do Valle; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho de; Campos, Maryane Oliveira; Giatti, Luana; Barreto, Sandhi MariaEste estudo analisou dados do Sistema de Vigilância por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel) com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência de aglomeração de comportamentos saudáveis (não fumar, consumo não abusivo de álcool, prática de atividade física regular no lazer e consumo recomendado de frutas e hortaliças) e sua tendência temporal entre 2008 e 2013. Adicionalmente, avaliamos se a associação entre a escolaridade e a aglomeração de 3 ou mais comportamentos saudáveis reduziu em magnitude nesse mesmo período. Razões de prevalências foram obtidas por regressão de Poisson. Encontramos que entre 2008 e 2013, a prevalência de aglomeração de 3 ou mais comportamentos saudáveis aumentou de 20% para 25% entre os homens, e passou de 26% para 32% entre as mulheres, sugerindo um aumento da prevalência de padrões de comportamentos saudáveis no Brasil. Esse aumento foi evidenciado em todas as faixas de escolaridade. Entretanto, a magnitude da associação entre escolaridade e prevalência da aglomeração dos 3 ou mais comportamentos saudáveis permaneceu constante no período. Assim, os resultados sugerem que as disparidades por escolaridade na aglomeração de 3 ou mais comportamentos saudáveis não se alteraram ao longo do tempo, apesar das melhorias sociais observadas no país nos últimos anos.Item Contextual factors associated with sexual behavior among Brazilian adolescents.(2013) Campos, Maryane Oliveira; Giatti, Luana; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Barreto, Sandhi MariaPurpose: There are few studies about the influence of the context on sexual behavior among adolescents in developing countries, such as Brazil. Adolescent pregnancy and the high incidence of sexually transmitted disease (STDs) among Brazilian youngsters are a public health problem. The object of this study was to investigate whether factors from family and school contexts are associated with sexual behavior among Brazilian adolescents. Methods: This study used data from 60,973 adolescent participants in the National Survey of School Health. The response variable was sexual behavior, described in three categories (never had sexual intercourse, had protected sexual intercourse, had unprotected sexual intercourse). The explanatory variables were grouped into sociodemographic characteristics, number of risk behavior factors (regular use of alcohol, smoking, and experimenting with illicit drugs), and family and school context. Variables associated with having protected and unprotected sexual relations in each context were identified by means of multinomial logistic regression. The reference was “never had sexual intercourse.” Results: Approximately one fourth of adolescents have already had sexual intercourse, most frequently boys. Among the adolescents who declared sexual initiation, the most part had their first sexual relation with age of 13 years or younger. Almost 21% did not use protection the last time they had sex. The greater the number of risk factors involved, the higher the incidence of protected and unprotected sex. In the family context, living with only one or with neither parent and low parental supervision increased the frequency of protected and unprotected sex. Never eating meals with the parents augmented the incidence of unprotected sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.60). In the school context, students from private schools were less likely to have had protected and unprotected sex (OR, 0.58 and 0.68). Not receiving instructions at school about pregnancy prevention increased the frequency of protected and unprotected sex (OR, 1.33 and 1.74, respectively). Conclusions: Family and school context factors are associated with sexual behavior. These associations are generally stronger for unprotected sex. Information about the prevention of pregnancy and STDs/AIDS has to be disseminated very early owing to the young age of sexual initiation.Item Factors associated with alcohol abuse and dependence among public transport workers in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte.(2016) Cunha, Najla Ourives; Giatti, Luana; Assunção, Ada ÁvilaPurpose Alcohol use may be associated with occupational factors. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and identify factors independently associated with alcohol abuse and dependence among urban public workers. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a proportional sample of 1607 bus drivers and conductors in three municipalities within the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte was analyzed (total population: 17,740). Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a digital questionnaire that investigated working conditions and health. Affirmative responses to at least two questions in the CAGE questionnaire were considered to represent situations of abuse and dependence. The magnitude of the associations was estimated by means of logistic regression in univariable and multivariable models. Results The prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence was 13.5 %. Positive associations with the following were identified: lower schooling level (incomplete high school: OR 1.77; 95 % CI 1.14–2.74; and elementary education: OR 1.57; 95 % CI 1.10–2.26); current smoking (OR 2.12; 95 % CI 1.47–3.07); non-participation in social activities (OR 1.74; 95 % CI 1.21–2.48); medical diagnosis of three of more diseases (OR 1.57; 95 % CI 1.01–2.42); aggression at work (OR 1.39; 95 % CI 1.01–1.93); and work-related distress (OR 1.85; 95 % CI 1.27–2.71). Workers who did not have children presented a lower chance of alcohol abuse and dependence than did those with children (OR 0.67; 95 % CI 0.45–0.99). Conclusions Results of this study point that the urban public transport workers, users of public transport and also pedestrians could be on increased risk of accidents. So considering the importance of this service for all society and the risk involved in this activity, prospective studies are needed to clarify the relationships observed.Item Fatores associados à adição de sal à refeição pronta.(2014) Castro, Raquel da Silva Assunção de; Giatti, Luana; Barreto, Sandhi MariaO objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar se existem diferenças na adição de sal à refeição pronta entre homens e mulheres. Foram incluídos 47.557 indivíduos de 18 a 64 anos, participantes do sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico, das 26 capitais e Distrito Federal, em 2006. As diferenças entre homens e mulheres foram analisadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado e as magnitudes da associação estimadas pelo Odds Ratio obtido por meio da regressão logística múltipla. A prevalência da adição de sal à refeição pronta foi 8,3%, sendo maior entre homens (9,8% vs 6,9%, p < 0,01). Após ajustes, a adição de sal à refeição pronta foi maior em indivíduos com a autoavaliação de saúde regular e ruim, relato de doença cardiovascular e que residiam na região Norte do Brasil. Indivíduos hipertensos relataram adicionar menos sal à refeição pronta. A escolaridade não foi associada à adição de sal. Homens adicionam mais sal à refeição pronta do que mulheres. Políticas públicas de saúde voltadas para a redução da ingestão de sal pela população devem levar em consideração a diferença de gênero no uso discricionário de sal e nos fatores que favorecem essas diferenças.Item Fatores associados à utilização de um serviço de urgência/emergência, Ouro Preto, 2012.(2015) Machado, Geralda Vanessa Campos; Oliveira, Fernando Luiz Pereira de; Barbosa, Helinton André Lopes; Giatti, Luana; Bonolo, Palmira de FátimaObjetivo: Avaliar a associação entre variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e de utilização e a inadequação dos atendimentos realizados em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPA). Métodos: Estudo transversal constituído por amostra de 791 atendimentos realizados na UPA de Ouro Preto em 2012. Avaliou-se o uso inadequado da UPA a partir da consulta aos prontuários e aplicação do Protocolo de Adequação de Urgências Hospitalares. Após análise descritiva, realizou-se análise estatística através do X2 de Pearson para verificar associações entre uso inadequado e demais variáveis. Realizou-se Regressão Logística Binária para estimação do Odds Ratio. Resultados: 58,9% dos atendimentos foram considerados inadequados. A utilização da UPA em dia útil teve maior chance de associação com a inadequação do atendimento (IC = 1,31-2,65), a procura por encaminhamento teve menor chance de inadequação (IC = 0,11-0,64). Conclusão: A procura durante os dias úteis e sem encaminhamento por outro serviço de saúde esteve relacionada com a utilização inadequada da UPA. O percentual de atendimentos inadequados aponta para a necessidade de implantação de um sistema de classificação de risco na UPA, melhor estruturação da rede de atenção à saúde e ações educativas junto à população, para orientação de como utilizar de maneira mais eficaz o sistema de urgência/emergência da região de saúde.Item Gender differences in cumulative life-course socioeconomic position and social mobility in relation to new onset diabetes in adultsdthe Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).(2016) Camelo, Lidyane do Valle; Giatti, Luana; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Chor, Dóra; Griep, Rosane Härter; Schmidt, Maria Inês; Barreto, Sandhi MariaPurpose: We investigated gender-specific associations of cumulative socioeconomic position across life course and social mobility with new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in over 12,000 civil servants in Brazil. Methods: We used data from ELSA-Brasil baseline (2008e2010). The accumulation of risk was assessed using an education-based score and an occupation-based score. Educational and occupational social mobility were also evaluated. Results: In minimally adjusted models, NODM increased with increasing exposure to life-course social disadvantages, especially in men. This gender difference was pronounced when cumulative processes were evaluated by education-based scores (high vs. low cumulative social disadvantage, odds ratio [OR] ¼ 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.6e8.5 in men and OR ¼ 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1e3.6 in women). After including proximal diabetes risk factors possibly acting as mediators, these associations remained high only in men (high vs. low cumulative social disadvantage, OR ¼ 4.4; 95% CI: 2.4e8.1). Social mobility was associated with NODM in men. Compared to the high-stable trajectory, downward had greater associations than upward mobility. In women, when considering metabolic syndromeerelated variables, changes in social hierarchy did not seem to have an influence on their risk of diabetes. Conclusions: Accumulation of risk and social mobility were associated with NODM with gender-specific patterns, suggesting differences in mechanisms connecting life-course socioeconomic position and diabetes in men and women.Item Hipertensão arterial referida e utilização de medicamentos de uso contínuo no Brasil : um estudo de base populacional.(2014) Ferreira, Reginara Alves; Barreto, Sandhi Maria; Giatti, LuanaO objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a prevalência e fatores associados à não utilização de algum medicamento de uso contínuo nos indivíduos de 30-79 anos que referiram hipertensão arterial na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD-2008), Brasil. Razões de prevalência (RP) e respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%) foram obtidos por meio de regressão de Poisson. A proporção de indivíduos que não utilizava medicamentos de uso contínuo foi de 17%. Características positivamente associadas à não utilização foram: sexo masculino, residência nas regiões Norte, Nordeste, Centro-oeste e hábito de fumar. O não uso desses medicamentos diminuiu com a idade, renda domiciliar per capita, número de doenças crônicas e de consulta médica nos últimos 12 meses; foi menor entre os que tinham 11 anos e mais de es¬tudo (RP = 0,92; IC95%: 0,86-0,98), nos que não trabalhavam nem estavam desempregados e nos que não realizavam atividade física. A adesão à terapia medicamentosa no controle de hipertensão arterial é necessária e requer investimento na atenção primária, na melhoria no acesso aos serviços de saúde e no enfretamento das desigualdades regionais, sociais e de gênero.Item Inquérito de saúde em comunidades quilombolas de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil (Projeto COMQUISTA) : aspectos metodológicos e análise descritiva.(2014) Bezerra, Vanessa Moraes; Medeiros, Danielle Souto de; Gomes, Karine de Oliveira; Souzas, Raquel; Giatti, Luana; Steffens, Ana Paula; Kochergin, Claudia Nicolaevna; Souza, Cláudio Lima; Moura, Cristiano Soares de; Soares, Daniela Arruda; Santos, Luis Rogério Cosme Silva; Cardoso, Luiz Gustavo Vieira; Oliveira, Márcio Vasconcelos de; Martins, Poliana Cardoso; Neves, Orlando Sílvio Caires; Guimarães, Mark Drew CroslandO objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar a metodologia, resultados descritivos preliminares e a confiabilidade dos instrumentos utilizados no Projeto COMQUISTA. Estudo transversal com indivíduos adultos (≥18 anos) e crianças (até cinco anos) de comunidades quilombolas de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. A coleta de dados compreendeu a realização de entrevistas individuais e domiciliares, aferição de medidas antropométricas e pressão arterial. Utilizou-se o questionário semiestruturado da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), adaptado para a população quilombola, e as entrevistas foram realizadas em computadores portáteis. Foram visitados 397 domicílios e entrevistados 797 adultos e 130 crianças. O perfil demográfico dos quilombolas foi semelhante ao dos brasileiros quanto ao sexo e idade, porém, eles apresentaram precário acesso ao saneamento básico e baixo nível socioeconômico. A análise de confiabilidade demonstrou a adequação das estratégias adotadas para garantia e controle de qualidade no estudo. A metodologia empregada foi considerada adequada para o alcance dos objetivos e pode ser utilizada em outras populações. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade da implantação de estratégias para melhorar a qualidade de vida e reduzir o grau de vulnerabilidade dos quilombolas.Item Job strain and unhealthy lifestyle : results from the baseline cohort study, brazilian longitudinal study of adult health ( ELSA - Brasil ).(2015) Griep, Rosane Härter; Nobre, Aline Araújo; Alves, Márcia Guimarães de Mello; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da; Cardoso, Letícia de Oliveira; Giatti, Luana; Melo, Enirtes Caetano Prates; Toivanen, Susanna; Chor, DóraBackground: Unhealthy lifestyle choices, such as smoking and sedentary behavior, are among the main modifiable risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases. The workplace is regarded as an important site of potential health risks where preventive strategies can be effective. We investigated independent associations among psychosocial job strain, leisure-time physical inactivity, and smoking in public servants in the largest Brazilian adult cohort. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)—a multicenter prospective cohort study of civil servants. Our analytical samples comprised 11,779 and 11,963 current workers for, respectively, analyses of job strain and leisure-time physical activity and analyses of job strain and smoking. Job strain was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Swedish Demand- Control-Support Questionnaire; physical activity was evaluated using a short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. We also examined smoking status and number of cigarettes smoked per day. The association reported in this paper was assessed by means of multinomial and logistic regression, stratified by sex. Results: Among men, compared with low-strain activities (low demand and high control), job strain showed an association with physical inactivity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09–1.64) or with the practice of physical activities of less than recommended duration (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.15–1.82). Among women, greater likelihood of physical inactivity was identified among job-strain and passive-job groups (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.22–1.77 and OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.20–1.67, respectively). Greater control at work was a protective factor for physical inactivity among both men and women. Social support at work was a protective factor for physical inactivity among women, as was smoking for both genders. We observed no association between demand or control dimensions and smoking. Conclusions: Job strain, job control, and social support were associated with physical activity. Social support at work was protective of smoking. Our results are comparable to those found in more developed countries; they provide additional evidence of an association between an adverse psychosocial work environment and health-related behaviors.Item Lazer sedentário e consumo de alimentos entre adolescentes brasileiros : Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2009.(2012) Camelo, Lidyane do Valle; Rodrigues, Jôsi Fernandes de Castro; Giatti, Luana; Barreto, Sandhi MariaO objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar se o lazer sedentário está associado a um maior consumo regular de alimentos não saudáveis independentemente de indicadores sociodemográficos e de contexto familiar. A análise envolveu 59.809 escolares da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) conduzida em 2009. A variável resposta foi o lazer sedentário, definido como o tempo diário em frente à TV superior a duas horas/dia. As variáveis explicativas de interesse foram o consumo regular de refrigerantes, guloseimas, biscoitos doces e embutidos. Odds ratios (OR) e intervalos de 95% de confiança (IC95%) foram obtidos por regressão logística múltipla. A prevalência de lazer sedentário foi de 65%. O consumo regular de alimentos não saudáveis foi estatisticamente maior entre os que relataram lazer sedentário, antes e após ajuste por sexo, idade, cor da pele autorreferida, dependência administrativa da escola, índice de bens no domicílio e composição familiar. Esses resultados apontam a necessidade de intervenções que promovam, de forma integrada, lazer e dieta saudável entre os jovens.Item Methods of cognitive function investigation in the Longitudinal Study on Adult Health, ELSA-Brasil.(2014) Passos, Valéria Maria de Azeredo; Caramelli, Paulo; Benseñor, Isabela Judith Martins; Giatti, Luana; Barreto, Sandhi MariaAinda persistem muitas incertezas relativas a fatores de risco e evolução das desordens cognitivas. Descrevemos métodos e resultados preliminares da investigação da cognição no ELSA-Brasil, Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto.Item Questionário do ELSA-Brasil : desafios na elaboração de instrumento multidimensional.(2013) Chor, Dóra; Alves, Márcia Guimarães de Mello; Giatti, Luana; Cade, Nágela Valadão; Nunes, Maria Angélica Antunes; Molina, Maria del Carmen Bisi; Benseñor, Isabela Judith Martins; Aquino, Estela M. L.; Passos, Valéria Maria de Azeredo; Santos, Simone M.; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da; Cardoso, Leticia de OliveiraO artigo apresenta o processo de elaboração do questionário utilizado no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Iniciamos pelo relato sobre a “Seleção de Temas” abordados no questionário, cujo conteúdo teria que abranger o conhecimento disponível acerca da complexa rede de causalidade dos desfechos de interesse, assim como possibilitar a comparabilidade com estudos semelhantes. Contextualizamos a “tradução e a adaptação de instrumentos de medida”, necessárias no caso de escalas de avaliação de vizinhanças, do instrumento para diagnóstico de transtornos depressivos e de ansiedade, e do questionário de frequência alimentar. A seguir, comentamos os critérios que nortearam a “ordem dos blocos temáticos” e fi nalmente a importância prática dos “pré-testes e estudos-piloto”. As relações entre o conjunto de informações reunidas no ELSA poderão constituir contribuição original sobre os fatores que causam ou agravam os desfechos de interesse no contexto brasileiro, assim como sobre seus fatores de proteção.Item Recrutamento de participantes no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto.(2013) Aquino, Estela Maria Motta Leão de; Araujo, Maria Jenny; Almeida, Maria da Conceição Chagas de; Conceição, Patrícia; Andrade, Célia Regina de; Cade, Nágela Valadão; Carvalho, Marilia Sá; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho de; Fonseca, Maria de Jesus Mendes da; Giatti, Luana; Menezes, Greice Maria de Souza; Nunes, Maria Angélica Antunes; Souza, Angelita Gomes de; Silva, Paulo Roberto Vasconcellos da; Vigo, AlvaroOBJETIVO: Apresentar as estratégias de comunicação e recrut amento no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) e discutir os resultados alcançados na constituição da coorte. MÉTODOS: As estratégias foram voltadas à divulgação, à institucionalização e ao recrutamento propriamente dito. As ações de comunicação pretenderam promover o fortalecimento de imagem institucional positiva para o estudo, a gestão de conhecimentos e o diálogo efi caz com seu público-alvo. Foi criado web site ofi cial visando dialogar com diferentes públicos, funcionar como difusor científi co e contribuir para a consolidação da imagem do estudo perante a sociedade. RESULTADOS: Foram recrutados 16.435 mulheres e homens, servidores ativos e aposentados de seis instituições públicas de ensino e pesquisa para constituir a coorte de 15.105 participantes. As metas de recrutamento foram plenamente alcançadas nos seis centros, com leve predomínio de mulheres e daqueles mais jovens, e um pouco menos de servidores com menor escolarização. CONCLUSÕES: As estratégias utilizadas se mostraram adequadas e essenciais para o sucesso da captação e participação dos servidores.Item Reliability of cognitive tests of ELSA-Brasil, the brazilian longitudinal study of adult health.(2013) Batista, Juliana Alves; Giatti, Luana; Barreto, Sandhi Maria; Galery, Ana Roscoe Papini; Passos, Valéria Maria de AzeredoCognitive function evaluation entails the use of neuropsychological tests, applied exclusively or in sequence. The results of these tests may be influenced by factors related to the environment, the interviewer or the interviewee.Item Reliability of the MacArthur scale of subjective social status - Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).(2012) Giatti, Luana; Camelo, Lidyane do Valle; Rodrigues, Jôsi Fernandes de Castro; Barreto, Sandhi MariaBackground: The MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status intend to measure the subjective social status using a numbered stepladder image. This study investigated the reliability of the MacArthur scale in a subsample of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Method: Three scales were employed using different references: 1) the overall socioeconomic position; 2) the socioeconomic situation of the participant’s closer community; 3) the workplace as a whole. A total of 245 of the ELSA participants from six states were involved. They were interviewed twice by the same person within an interval of seven to fourteen days. The reliability of the scale was assessed with weighted Kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), with their respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Kappa values were 0.62(0.58 to 0.64) for the society ladder; 0.58(0.56 to 0.61) for the community-related ladder; and 0.67(0.66 to 0.72) for the work-related ladder. The ICC ranged from 0.75 for the work ladder to 0.64 for the community ladder. These values differed slightly according to the participants’ age, sex and education category. Conclusion: The three ladders showed good stability in the test-retest, except the community ladder that showed moderate stability. Because the social structure in Brazil is rapidly changing, future qualitative and longitudinal studies are needed to confirm and understand the construct underlying the MacArthur Scale in the country.Item Socioeconomic inequalities in youth smoking in Brazil.(2013) Barreto, Sandhi Maria; Figueiredo, Roberta Carvalho de; Giatti, LuanaObjective: The contribution of smoking to socioeconomic inequalities in health is increasing worldwide, including in Brazil. Youth smoking may play an important role in the increasing social inequalities related to smoking. This study investigates social determinants of smoking among 15-year-old to 19-year-old individuals. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The study uses data of 3536 participants aged 15–19 years of age of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) and the National Household Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostragem de Domicilio, PNAD) obtained from household interviews. Smoking was defined as currently smoking tobacco products, regardless of frequency. Household socioeconomic indicators included per capita income, the educational level and sex of the head of the household, the presence of smoking restrictions and the number of smokers (excluding adolescents). Adolescent social factors included years of delaying school and social status (full-time student, working, and neither working nor studying). The hierarchical logistic regression analysis considered the effect of the complex sampling design. Results: From 3536 participants, 6.2% were smokers (95% CI 5.4 to 7.1). More men than women had the habit of smoking (7.2%; 5.9 to 8.6 vs 3.6%; 2.7 to 4.6). The likelihood of smoking was significantly greater for men and older teens. There was an upward trend in the OR of smoking according to the number of smokers in the house. Adolescents living in households with no smoking restrictions had a greater likelihood of being smokers. OR of smoking rose as the number of years of delaying school increased, being about three times greater among adolescents who were working and five times greater among those who were neither studying nor working. Conclusions: Results demonstrate that socioeconomic inequality in smoking is established at younger ages and that school delay as well as school abandonment may contribute to increased smoking-related inequalities. Smoking restrictions at home were protective against adolescents becoming smokers. Living with other smokers was a strong predictor of adolescents becoming smokers.Item Subjective social status, self-rated health and tobacco smoking : Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).(2013) Camelo, Lidyane do Valle; Giatti, Luana; Barreto, Sandhi MariaUsing baseline data from ELSA-Brasil (N = 15,105), we investigated whether subjective social status, measured using three 10-rung “ladders,” is associated with self-rated health and smoking, independently of objective indicators of social position and depression symptoms. Additionally, we explored whether the magnitude of these associations varies according to the reference group. Subjective social status was independently associated with poor self-rated health and weakly associated with former smoking. The references used for social comparison did not change these associations significantly. Subjective social status, education, and income represent distinct aspects of social inequities, and the impact of each of these indicators on health is different.